Waterlogged
The state of soil or a potting medium when it is saturated with water, displacing the air from the pores and spaces between the soil particles. This may result from compaction, natural defects in the soil profile (such as a soil pan), the lie of the land, the basic soil texture and to any other factors that inhibit drainage. Waterlogging is a common cause of root death, and may precipitate the development of root fungal diseases such as Phytophthora.