Advice
Care of newly planted trees
Weeding
Grasses and weeds compete with young trees for moisture, nutrients and light. In the first five years after planting effective weed control is an important factor in aiding the establishment of young trees.
If planting in a lawn ensure you leave a circle of diameter 90cm (3ft) free from turf as this can seriously affect establishment and later growth.
Mulching
Mulching is a highly effective method of controlling weeds, conserving moisture and reducing temperature extremes. Suitable mulches include woven polypropylene or proprietary tree mulch mats. Organic mulches include bark mulch, leafmould or well-rotted manure. While clear of weeds apply a mulch 7.5cm (3in) thick over the root area (a minimum of 50-75cm (20-30in) in diameter). Draw the mulch back from the base of the stem to prevent rotting.
Watering
Water thoroughly in dry spells to ensure that the water reaches the full depth of the root system. Watering little and often may do more harm than good by encouraging roots to remain near the surface and discouraging trees from sending out roots into the surrounding soil in search of water.
Feeding
There is no need to apply fertiliser in the first growing season. The roots should be encouraged to grow out into the surrounding soil in search of nutrients and moisture to establish a healthy root system. On infertile soils, feeding the year after planting may be beneficial. Apply a balanced general-purpose feed at manufacturer’s recommended rate in the spring.
Formative pruning
Corrective pruning is best carried out while the tree is still young. This may involve shortening or removing any competing leaders, and removing damaged, dead or diseased wood. Lower laterals on feathered trees may also need removing in stages over the first few years.
Adjusting ties and removing stakes
Inspect tree ties in spring and autumn and adjust ties to prevent constriction of the stem. After two growing seasons the tree should make sufficient root growth to anchor the tree and the stake can be removed.