The
wide range of electrical garden equipment - such as lighting,
pumps, tools and heaters - is a real boon to gardeners. However,
electrical equipment and the moisture inseparable from gardening
can lead to the risk of shocks and even electrocution, with
three fatalities from electricity in the garden in 1996 for
example according to the DTI Home Safety Network (www.dti.gov.uk/homesafetynetwork/gs_stats.htm).
One of the best ways to avoid harm is to use low-voltage equipment such as rechargeable or solar-powered items where these exist. Many power tools, especially those from hire shops run at 110 volts as compared to the standard 240 volts supply, and come with a (heavy) transformer. Low-voltage garden lighting systems are also available.
Mains equipment, including transformers used with low-voltage equipment, should be used with a RCD (residual currant device) which detects some electrical faults and disconnects the supply before harm results. Ideally add an RCD to the main switchboard or to the socket used for garden purposes as this ensures protection, but failing that use a plug-in RCD. Be sure to use the test button on the RCD to make sure it works and investigate for faults if it trips. Replace ones that trip often for no apparent reason.
Ideally,
extend the domestic supply into the garden using special outdoor
fittings. Because greenhouses and even sheds can get damp,
waterproof fittings are sensible here too. A qualified electrician
should install garden electrical circuits or at least check
any home installations, especially those involving pond pumps.
Remember that when selling property, buyers may look askance
at suspect fittings or even professionally installed ones
that have not been tested recently. Testing every three years
or so is sensible.
Even with well installed systems, it is sensible not to wash electrical equipment with water or use in rain or drag cables over wet hedges or grass. In the greenhouse avoid wetting heaters as this could lead to shocks.
Remember also that cables fray and plugs become loose so checking is important. Avoid cutting cables when mowing or hedge trimming by keeping cables behind you and cutting away from the cable.
Unplug equipment before making adjustments, clearing blockages or untangling flex.
Wearing rubber footwear will also reduce any risks, although heavier boots are necessary when mowing or strimming.
Ideally, extend the domestic supply into the garden using special outdoor fittings. Steel wire armoured cable should be used as these are less likely to be severed by sharp tools, and as an additional measure use warning tape laid 15cm (6in) above any buried cable, being sure that cable is laid below normal digging level - 60cm (2ft) is usually recommended. Burying cables beneath paths and patios help protect from accidental damage but can cause problems if ever the cable needs to be dug up or replaced.
Where mains equipment is used avoid running very long extensions from the house as this can cause overloading and potentially lead to fires.
Further information
Electrical Contractors Association: 020 7313 4800, www.nhic.org.uk
DTI Home www.dti.gov.uk/homesafetynetwork