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Pinus nigra

Austrian pine

© RHS
Sold by 12 nurseries

  • Other common names Austrian pine
    black pine

    Calabrian pine
    Corsican pine
    larch pine

    see more

  • Family Pinaceae

  • Genus Pinus can be shrubs or large, evergreen trees, some species with attractive bark, developing an irregular outline with age and bearing long needle-like leaves in bundles of 2, 3 or 5; conspicuous cones may fall or remain on the tree for years

  • Details P. nigra is a large evergreen tree developing an irregular, dense crown with age. Leaves dark green, paired, to 12cm in length. Cones ovoid, pale brown when mature

  • Plant range SE Europe

Characteristics

  • Foliage Evergreen

  • Habit Bushy

  • Hardiness

    Hardiness ratings

    All ratings refer to the UK growing conditions unless otherwise stated. Minimum temperature ranges (in degrees C) are shown in brackets

    • H1a - Under glass all year (>15C)
    • H1b - Can be grown outside in the summer (10 - 15)
    • H1c - Can be grown outside in the summer (5 - 10)
    • H2 - Tolerant of low temperatures, but not surviving being frozen (1 to 5)
    • H3 - Hardy in coastal and relatively mild parts of the UK (-5 to 1)
    • H4 - Hardy through most of the UK (-10 to -5)
    • H5 - Hardy in most places throughout the UK even in severe winters (-15 to -10)
    • H6 - Hardy in all of UK and northern Europe (-20 to -15)
    • H7 - Hardy in the severest European continental climates (< -20)

    H7

Colour

Sunlight

  • Full Sun

  • Aspect South-facing or West-facing or East-facing

  • Exposure Sheltered

Soil

  • Sand

    Sand

  • Loam

    Loam

  • Clay

    Clay

  • Chalk

    Chalk

  • MoistureWell-drained

  • SoilSand, Loam, Clay, Chalk

  • pHAcid, Alkaline, Neutral

Size

  • Ultimate height Higher than 12 metres

  • Ultimate spread wider than 8 metres

  • Time to ultimate height 20-50 years

How to grow

Cultivation Grow in any well-drained soil. See Trees: buying and planting specimens

Propagation Propagate by seed sown in containers in a cold frame in spring

Suggested planting locations and garden types Hedging & Screens Flower borders and beds Low Maintenance Coastal Cottage & Informal Garden

How to care

Pruning No pruning required

Pests May be attacked by adelgids, conifer aphid species, pine sawfly and pine shoot moth

Diseases May be subject to various needle cast diseases

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