Erythronium americanum

RHS Plant Profile
yellow dog's tooth violet

Other common names

amberbell, fish hooks, lamb's tongue, serpent's tongue, snake leaf, snake root, spring lily, trout lily, yellow lily, yellow snowdrop

Bulbs

A bulbous perennial to around 15cm high, with solitary or paired elliptic, deep green leaves, mottled with grey and purple-brown. Solitary golden yellow flowers, sometimes flushed reddish-purple on the outsides and with recurved petals, are borne on slender reddish stems in spring. Slowly spreading, forming small colonies in good conditions. Plants may take several years to flower, and individual plants may not flower every year

Position

Partial shade

Soil Types

Chalk, Clay, Loam

Max Height

0.1-0.5 metres

Max Spread

0-0.1 metre

Size

Time to Maturity
2–5 years
Max Spread
0-0.1 metre
Max Height
0.1-0.5 metres

Growing Conditions

Chalk Clay Loam
Moisture
Moist but well–drained or Well–drained
pH
Acid or Alkaline or Neutral

Position

Partial shade
Aspect
East–facing or West–facing
Exposure
Sheltered
Hardiness
H5

Colour & Scent

Season Stem Flower Foliage Fruit
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

Botanical Details

Family
Liliaceae
Native to GB/Ireland
No
Foliage
Deciduous
Habit
Clump forming
Potentially harmful
Ornamental bulbs, not to be eaten. Wear gloves and other protective equipment when handling Pets: Ornamental bulbsnot to be eaten - see the HTA guide to potentially harmful plants for further information and useful contact numbers
Genus
Erythronium are bulbous perennials with paired, ovate or broadly elliptic leaves, and leafless stems bearing one or more nodding, star-shaped flowers with recurved petals
Name Status
Correct
Plant Range
E North America

How to Grow

Cultivation

Grow in light or dappled shade, in fertile, humus-rich, well-drained soil that does not dry out in summer. Bulbs must be kept slightly damp until planted, and planted at least 10cm deep in late summer or early autumn. Well suited to woodland planting. See bulb cultivation

Propagation

Propagate by division of established clumps, after flowering. Plants dislike disturbance and may take time to re-establish

Suggested planting locations and garden types

  • Cottage and informal garden
  • Rock garden
  • Low Maintenance
  • Underplanting of roses and shrubs
  • Flower borders and beds

Pruning

No pruning required

Pests

May be susceptible to slugs

Diseases

Generally disease-free