Trifolium incarnatum

RHS Plant Profile
crimson clover

Other common names

Crimean clover, Italian clover, Napoleons

Annual Biennial

A slender, upright annual or short-lived perennial to 45cm tall, with leaves composed of three leaflets. In summer it produces dense, conical heads of red flowers which provide a good nectar source for bees. It is sometimes grown as a nitrogen-fixing cover crop and green manure

Position

Full sun

Soil Types

Chalk, Clay, Loam, Sand

Max Height

0.1-0.5 metres

Max Spread

0.1-0.5 metres

Size

Time to Maturity
1–2 years
Max Spread
0.1-0.5 metres
Max Height
0.1-0.5 metres

Growing Conditions

Chalk Clay Loam Sand
Moisture
Moist but well–drained or Well–drained
pH
Acid or Alkaline or Neutral

Position

Full sun
Aspect
East–facing or South–facing or West–facing
Exposure
Sheltered
Hardiness
H4

Colour & Scent

Season Stem Flower Foliage Fruit
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

Botanical Details

Family
Fabaceae
Native to GB/Ireland
Yes
Foliage
Deciduous
Habit
Columnar upright
Genus
Trifolium are erect or creeping annuals, biennials and herbaceous perennials with trefoil leaves and small, pea-like flowers usually in clusters or short spikes
Name Status
Correct

How to Grow

Cultivation

Grow in any poor to moderately fertile soil in sun. May be grown as green manure; see our video How to grow and sow green manure for advice

Propagation

Propagate by seed

Suggested planting locations and garden types

  • Cottage and informal garden
  • Wildlife gardens
  • Flower borders and beds

Pruning

No pruning required

Pests

Generally pest-free

Diseases

Generally disease-free