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Celtis australis
European hackberry
A deciduous, spreading tree up to around 20m tall with a rounded crown. Dark green, oval, sharply-toothed leaves are up to 15cm long and turn pale yellow before falling in autumn. Inconspicuous yellowish-green spring flowers are followed by small, purple-black fruits up to 1cm wide hanging in small clusters
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Size
Ultimate height
Higher than 12 metresTime to ultimate height
10–20 yearsUltimate spread
Wider than 8 metresGrowing conditions
Loam
Sand
Chalk
Moisture
Well–drainedpH
Acid, Alkaline, NeutralColour & scent
| Stem | Flower | Foliage | Fruit | |
| Spring | Green Yellow | Green | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Summer | Green | |||
| Autumn | Yellow | Purple Black | ||
| Winter |
Position
- Full sun
Aspect
East–facing or South–facing or West–facing
Exposure
ShelteredDrought resistance
Yes Hardiness
H6Botanical details
- Family
- Cannabaceae
- Native to the UK
- No
- Foliage
- Deciduous
- Habit
- Spreading branched
- Name status
Correct
- Plant range
- Europe, N. Africa, Asia Minor
How to grow
Cultivation
Grow in fertile, well-drained soil in full sun; does best in hot summers in the UK
Propagation
Propagate by seed in autumn
Suggested planting locations and garden types
- Wildlife gardens
- Low Maintenance
Pruning
Pests
Generally pest-free
Diseases
Generally disease-free
Get involved
The Royal Horticultural Society is the UK’s leading gardening charity. We aim to enrich everyone’s life through plants, and make the UK a greener and more beautiful place.