Colchicum / RHS Plant Guide

Colchicum

RHS Genus Guide

Colchicum are mostly grown for their unexpected autumn blooms, appearing as if by magic before the leaves. Despite their common name, they are more closely related to lilies than to true crocuses, and some flower at other times of year. Taller types, reaching around 20cm tall, are ideal for naturalising in grass or under trees, while smaller ones are perfect for rock gardens.

Botanical name: Colchicum

Common name: meadow saffron, autumn crocus

RHS / Philippa Gibson

Appearance

The most widely grown Colchicum produce goblet-shaped flowers in shades of pink and lilac or white and appear in early autumn. The strap-like foliage emerges in spring and dies back by late summer, leaving the plant dormant through the warmer months.

Preferences

They prefer a sunny or partially shaded position in fertile, well-drained soil. Colchicum are particularly effective when planted in groups, where their sudden autumn display makes the most impact. Once established, they require minimal attention.

Dislikes

They dislike overly wet or poorly drained soils, especially during dormancy. Colchicum can be damaged by division or transplanting while in active growth, so should be moved only when fully dormant.

Did you know?

Despite the common name ‘meadow saffron’ they are not the source of culinary saffron. In fact, all parts of Colchicum are toxic if eaten, containing the compound colchicine, once used medicinally but dangerous in larger quantities.

RHS Growing Guide