Armoracia rusticana

RHS Plant Profile
horseradish

Other common names

horseradish, pepper root, pepper turnip, red cole, horse radish, rhuddygl poeth

Synonyms

Brassica amoracia 'Rusticana'
Cochlearia armoracia

Herbs - Culinary Herbaceous Perennial

A vigorous rhizomatous perennial up to 60 cm tall and 60 cm wide with fleshy, white, pungently aromatic tap-roots. Large, shiny, dock-like leaves die back in winter, but re-shoot from the roots in spring. Panicles of small, white flowers emerge in early summer. The white root is usually harvested in autumn and winter and used grated in horseradish sauce

Position

Full sun, Partial shade

Soil Types

Chalk, Clay, Loam, Sand

Max Height

0.5-1 metres

Max Spread

0.1-0.5 metres

Size

Time to Maturity
2–5 years
Max Spread
0.1-0.5 metres
Max Height
0.5-1 metres

Growing Conditions

Chalk Clay Loam Sand
Moisture
Well–drained
pH
Acid or Alkaline or Neutral

Position

Full sun Partial shade
Aspect
South–facing or West–facing
Exposure
Exposed or Sheltered
Hardiness
H6

Colour & Scent

Season Stem Flower Foliage Fruit
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

Botanical Details

Family
Brassicaceae
Native to GB/Ireland
Yes
Foliage
Deciduous
Habit
Columnar upright, Clump forming
Genus
Armoracia are robust upright tap-rooted perennials with simple or pinnately lobed leaves, and small white, 4-petalled flowers in terminal panicles or racemes
Name Status
Correct
Plant Range
SE Europe

How to Grow

Cultivation

Grow in light, fertile and deep, moist but well-drained soil in full sun. Water freely during the growing season. Horseradish will form a vigorous spreading clump, that has the potential to become a nuisance and is hard to remove. Plants grown in pots need to be watered regularly. For more advice, see horseradish cultivation

Propagation

Propagate by seed or by division in winter

Suggested planting locations and garden types

  • Wildlife gardens

Pruning

Cut back fades leaves once they die down in late autumn, or before new growth starts in spring

Pests

Generally pest-free

Diseases

May suffer from club root