What is pea and bean weevil?

Pea and bean weevils are beetles that eat the leaf margins and shoot tips of garden peas and broad bean, causing characteristic notch-like damage. This does not usually affect cropping. 

Symptoms

The adult weevils are greyish brown and are 4-5mm long. They tend to drop to the ground when disturbed, so can be difficult to find. Their feeding activities are readily detected as the beetles eat a series of U-shaped notches around the edges of the leaves. The larvae feed unseen underground on the plants' root nodules, this has limited effects on the crop in the home garden.

The amount of leaf area lost to pea and bean weevils is generally small, even when the foliage has been extensively nibbled. Established pea and broad bean plants can generally tolerate this damage, but there may be a check in growth if small seedlings are heavily damaged.

Control

Control is usually unnecessary as plants can generally tolerate damage from these insects.

Ensuring seedlings are healthy can mitigate any damage. Cold dry spells in spring check plant growth more than weevil activity. Covering with fleece or cloches can help plants outgrow damage. Keeping seedlings watered so they grow quickly through the more vulnerable stages. Older plants generally tolerate the leaf damage and so the weevils do not need control.

Biology

Pea and bean weevil overwinters as adult beetles that hide away in leaf litter and other sheltered places. Eggs are laid during late spring in the surface layers of the soil near suitable host plants, such as broad bean and garden peas. The larvae are creamy white legless grubs with pale brown heads. They feed on the nitrogen-fixing nodules on their host plants' roots but do not usually affect the plants growth in garden and allotments. When fully fed the larvae pupate in the soil, with adult beetles emerging in late summer. There is only one generation per year.