Hesperis matronalis

RHS Plant Profile
dame's violet

Other common names

close sciences, damask, damask violet, dame's rocket, dame's wort, double rocket, garden rocket, night rocket, night violet, night-scented violet, queen's gilliflower, rocket, rogue's gilliflower, summer lilac, sweet rocket, white rocket, winter gilliflower

Synonyms

Hesperis matronalis violet

Plants for pollinators
Annual Biennial Herbaceous Perennial

A rosette-forming biennial, or short-lived perennial, with leafy stems growing to around 90cm. Loose clusters of white, or pale to mid-purple, scented flowers appear in late spring and early summer

Position

Full sun, Partial shade

Soil Types

Chalk, Clay, Loam, Sand

Max Height

0.5-1 metres

Max Spread

0.1-0.5 metres

Size

Time to Maturity
1–2 years
Max Spread
0.1-0.5 metres
Max Height
0.5-1 metres

Growing Conditions

Chalk Clay Loam Sand
Moisture
Moist but well–drained
pH
Alkaline or Neutral

Position

Full sun Partial shade
Aspect
South–facing or North–facing or West–facing or East–facing
Exposure
Exposed or Sheltered
Hardiness
H6

Colour & Scent

Fragrance Flower
Season Stem Flower Foliage Fruit
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

Botanical Details

Family
Brassicaceae
Native to GB/Ireland
No
Foliage
Deciduous
Habit
Bushy
Genus
Hesperis are biennials and perennials with loose clusters of four-petalled, fragrant, purple, cream or white flowers
Name Status
Correct
Plant Range
Europe to Asia

How to Grow

Cultivation

Grow in fertile, moist but well-drained neutral or alkaline soil in sun or semi-shade. Replace every two to three years as flowering diminishes with age

Propagation

Propagate by seed sown in situ

Suggested planting locations and garden types

  • Coastal
  • Cottage and informal garden
  • Wildlife gardens
  • Flower borders and beds

Pruning

Cut back after flowering

Pests

Cabbage caterpillars, flea beetles, slugs and snails may be a problem

Diseases

May be susceptible to a virus or powdery mildews