Betula pendula subsp. pendula

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Synonyms

Betula aetnensis, Betula alba [2], Betula alba var. pendula, Betula brachylepis, Betula pendula oycovensis, Betula pendula var. fontqueri, Betula pendula var. lapponica, Betula pendula var. oycowiensis, Betula pendula var. pendula, Betula verrucosa, Betula verrucosa var. oycoviensis

Trees

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Narrowly conical, deciduous tree with slender weeping branches. Bark is white, becoming black and rugged at base. Leaves are diamond-shaped and deep green, toothed at the edges, and turn rich yellow in autumn. Yellow-green catkins are produced in spring

Position

Full sun, Partial shade

Soil Types

Chalk, Clay, Loam, Sand

Max Height

Higher than 12 metres

Max Spread

wider than 8 metres

Size

Time to Maturity: 20–50 years
Max Spread: wider than 8 metres
Max Height: Higher than 12 metres

Growing Conditions

Chalk Clay Loam Sand

Moisture: Moist but well–drained
pH: Acid or Alkaline or Neutral

Position

Full sun Partial shade

Aspect: East–facing or South–facing or West–facing
Exposure: Exposed or Sheltered
Hardiness

Hardiness Ratings

All ratings refer to the UK growing conditions unless otherwise stated. Minimum temperature ranges (in degrees C) are shown in brackets

H1A: under glass all year (>15C)
H1B: can be grown outside in the summer (10 - 15)
H1C: can be grown outside in the summer (5 - 10)
H2: tolerant of low temperatures, but not surviving being frozen (1 to 5)
H3: hardy in coastal and relatively mild parts of the UK (-5 to 1)
H4: hardy through most of the UK (-10 to -5)
H5: hardy in most places throughout the UK even in severe winters (-15 to -10)
H6: hardy in all of UK and northern Europe (-20 to -15)
H7: hardy in the severest European continental climates (< -20): H7

Colour & Scent

Season	Stem	Flower	Foliage	Fruit
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

Botanical Details

Family: Betulaceae
Native to GB/Ireland: No
Foliage: Deciduous
Habit: Pendulous weeping
Genus: Betula can be deciduous trees or shrubs, usually colouring well in autumn and often with striking white, pink, or peeling brown bark; separate male and female catkins open before or with the leaves in spring
Name Status: Correct
Plant Range: Sicily

How to Grow

Cultivation

Thrives in moist but well drained soil, in full sun or light dappled shade. For more information, see tree cultivation

Propagation

Propagate by softwood cuttings in summer, or by grafting

Suggested planting locations and garden types

Architectural
Cottage and informal garden
Wildlife gardens

Pruning

Minimal pruning required, see pruning group 1

Pests

May be susceptible to birch borers, leaf-mining sawflies and aphids

Diseases

May be susceptible to honey fungus, a tree rust and Powdery mildews